Myth 1: Hemorrhoids Only Affect Older People

Fact: Hemorrhoids can affect people of all ages. Although they are more common in older adults due to weakened tissues and muscles around the rectum, younger people can also develop hemorrhoids, especially if they experience chronic constipation, strain during bowel movements, or have a sedentary lifestyle. Pregnant women are also prone to hemorrhoids due to increased pressure on the pelvic veins.

Myth 2: Spicy Food Causes Hemorrhoids

Fact: Spicy food does not directly cause hemorrhoids. However, it can irritate existing hemorrhoids and cause discomfort during bowel movements. The real causes of hemorrhoids are factors like straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation, prolonged sitting, and lack of dietary fiber. In Nepal, where spicy food is popular, it's important to remember that moderation and a fiber-rich diet are key in preventing hemorrhoid flare-ups.

Myth 3: Hemorrhoids Will Go Away on Their Own

Fact: While mild (grade I) hemorrhoids can improve with home remedies and lifestyle changes, more severe cases require medical attention. Hemorrhoids may not completely disappear without treatment, especially if they are causing significant symptoms like bleeding, sweeling from anus during defecation, painful swelling. If you experience persistent symptoms, it's important to consult a doctor or specialist for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Myth 4: Only Open Surgery Can Treat Hemorrhoids

Fact: Open Surgery is not the only treatment option for hemorrhoids. In fact, most of the mild cases (grade I) can be managed with non-surgical treatments such as over-the-counter creams, sitz baths, lifestyle changes. However, Grade II and III hemorrhoids can be treated with minimally invasive procedures like laser hemorrhoidoplasty. The rubber band ligation or sclerotherapy was popular before the invention of laser treatment. Surgery is usually recommended for severe cases (Grade IV) where other treatments have not been effective.

Myth 5: Hemorrhoids Are Caused by Poor Hygiene

Fact: Hemorrhoids are not caused by poor hygiene. They occur due to increased pressure on the veins in the lower rectum and anus. While good hygiene is important for overall health and can help prevent irritation, it does not directly cause or cure hemorrhoids. Maintaining a clean and dry anal area can help alleviate discomfort or itching around antal area, but the underlying cause is more related to factors like bowel habits, diet, and lifestyle.

Myth 6: Sitting on Cold Surfaces Causes Hemorrhoids

Fact: This is a common misconception. Sitting on cold surfaces does not cause hemorrhoids. However, prolonged sitting, regardless of the surface, can contribute to the development of hemorrhoids by increasing pressure on the veins in the rectum. For individuals with jobs that require long periods of sitting, such as office workers or drivers in Nepal, taking breaks to move around can help reduce the risk.

Myth 7: All Problems in the Anorectal Area Are Hemorrhoids

Fact: Not all anorectal problems are hemorrhoids. While hemorrhoids are a common cause of symptoms such as bleeding from anus, and itching in the anorectal area, there are many other conditions that can cause similar issues. Misdiagnosing these conditions as hemorrhoids can delay appropriate treatment and lead to complications. It is important to seek medical advice to determine the exact cause of symptoms.

Other Anorectal Conditions That Can Cause Bleeding and Discomfort:

• Anal Fissures: Small tears in the lining of the anus, causing severe pain and bright red bleeding during bowel movements.
• Anal Fistula: An abnormal tunnel between the inside of the anus and the skin around it, leading to pain, swelling, and pus discharge.
• Rectal Prolapse: A condition where the rectum protrudes through the anus, causing discomfort and occasionally bleeding.
• Colorectal Cancer: A serious condition that can cause rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, and unexplained weight loss. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment.
• Diverticular Disease: Inflamed or infected pouches in the colon wall that lead to pain and bleeding.
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis cause inflammation, rectal bleeding, and abdominal pain.
• Anal Abscess: A painful collection of pus near the anus, often associated with infection.
• Anal Warts: Caused by HPV, these warts can cause itching, discomfort, or bleeding.
• Perianal Hematoma: A painful lump due to blood pooling under the skin, often mistaken for external hemorrhoids.
• Pruritus Ani: Persistent itching around the anus, often due to skin irritation or infections.

Preventing and Managing Hemorrhoids in Nepal

Understanding the myths and facts surrounding hemorrhoids is the first step toward managing and preventing them. Here are some tips for keeping hemorrhoids at bay, especially for people in Nepal:

• Eat a Fiber-Rich Diet: Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in your diet to promote regular bowel movements and prevent constipation.
• Stay Hydrated: Drinking adequate amount of water helps soften stools, reducing the need to strain during bowel movements.
• Avoid Prolonged Sitting: Take breaks if your job involves sitting for long hours, and avoid sitting on the toilet for extended periods.
• Practice Good Bowel Habits: Don't delay going to the bathroom when you feel the urge, and avoid straining.
• Exercise Regularly: Physical activity improves circulation and prevents constipation, reducing the risk of hemorrhoids.

What is best treatment for Hemorrhoids in Nepal?

One size shoes does not fit in all feet. That means one treatment is not best for all types of hemorrhooids. Depending on the severity and grade of the hemorrhoids, doctor will suggest you type of treatment you need.

• Medical Therapy
• Rubber Band Ligation
• Open Hemorrhoidectomy
• Stappled Hemorrhoidopexy
• Hemorrhoid Artery Ligation
• Laser hemorrhoidoplasty

Laser hemorrhoidoplasty with hemorrhoidal artery ligation is recent and minimally invasive procedure for hemorrhoids.

It is always best to consult with a doctor to determine the best course of treatment

When to Seek Medical Help

If you experience swelling coming from anus during bowel movement, bleeding from the rectum,, itching or pain, it's important to consult a doctor. Hemorrhoids can sometimes be mistaken for other more serious conditions like colorectal cancer, so getting a proper diagnosis is crucial.

Conclusion

Hemorrhoids are a common condition, but they are surrounded by myths that often cause unnecessary fear or confusion. By understanding the facts, you can take better control of your health and seek the right treatment if needed. Remember, if your symptoms persist, don't hesitate to consult a healthcare professional.

Taking simple steps like maintaining a balanced diet, staying active, and adopting healthy bowel habits can go a long way in preventing hemorrhoids and managing them effectively.